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AIDSVu is an interactive online map depicting the HIV epidemic in the U.S.

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Home Tools & Resources Deeper Look: PrEP

Deeper Look: PrEP

The PrEP utilization data on AIDSVu reveal that the number of PrEP users in the U.S. increased by 23% from 2020 to 2021, continuing a trend of consistent growth in PrEP use since 2012. In addition, AIDSVu’s PrEP use data by race/ethnicity reveal that Black people represented 14% of PrEP users in 2021, but 42% of new HIV diagnoses in 2020, while Hispanic/Latinx people represented 17% of PrEP users in 2021 and 27% of new HIV diagnoses in 2020.

PrEP, or pre-exposure prophylaxis, is when people at risk for HIV take or receive HIV medicine regularly to lower their chances of getting infected with HIV.  The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has estimated that approximately 1.2 million people are at high risk for HIV exposure and could benefit from comprehensive HIV prevention strategies, including PrEP.

What is Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)?

  • Pre = before
  • Exposure = coming into contact with HIV
  • Prophylaxis = treatment to prevent an infection from happening

The PrEP utilization data on AIDSVu reveal a 56% average annual increase in persons using PrEP across the U.S. — including a 23% increase from 2020 to 2021. While these data point to significant growth in PrEP use nationwide, they also highlight important disparities in PrEP use across different sexes, races/ethnicities, age groups, geographic location, socioeconomic status, and access to care. In the United States, 30,346 people were diagnosed with HIV in 2020, underscoring the need to continue expanding the use of PrEP and other comprehensive HIV prevention strategies.

AIDSVu’s PrEP data, which provide a reliable and consistent metric for PrEP users in each county and state in the U.S. by year from 2012 to 2021, can be stratified by age and sex. State-level maps from 2021-2021 can additionally be stratified by race/ethnicity for Hispanic, Black, and white individuals. These data and maps offer important, comparative information and tools to public health officials, policymakers, and researchers to inform efforts to increase PrEP awareness and access where it is needed most. Please see the Data Methods page for additional information on the data set and its limitations.

Using the PrEP Data

Public Health Officials & Policy Makers

Understand local PrEP use and disparities in use to help inform data-driven policies and programs to increase awareness of and access to PrEP.

Researchers

Identify trends and gaps in PrEP access, outline facilitators and barriers to PrEP expansion, and determine areas for further exploration.
Utilize data and maps to assist with planning processes, resource allocation, presentations, grant writing and review.

Community

Raise awareness of PrEP use in your community and the need to expand the use of PrEP among those at high risk of getting HIV.
Educate your elected officials and encourage policy change to increase PrEP awareness and access.

What These Data Tell Us

(PrEP use data is from 2021, and new diagnoses data is from 2020, unless otherwise noted. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, all data from 2020 should be interpreted with caution)

Overall PrEP Use

  • The number of PrEP users in the U.S. increased by 23% from 2020 to 2021, continuing a trend of consistent growth in PrEP use since 2012.
  • Although PrEP use has increased steadily every year since 2012, there was a much lower rate of increase in 2020 of only 11% from 2019. This lower pace of growth occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • The South accounted for 52% of HIV diagnoses but only accounted for 39% of PrEP users.
  • In 2021, states that had expanded their Medicaid programs had rates of PrEP use that were 1.5X higher than states that did not expand Medicaid.
  • Among all PrEP users in the U.S., 92% were male and only 8% were female, despite the fact that women comprised 18% of new HIV diagnoses.
  • Teenagers and young adults (aged 13-24 years) had the greatest unmet need for PrEP among all age groups, with a PNR of 6*accounting for 20% of new HIV diagnoses but only 13% of PrEP users.

* PrEP-to-Need Ratio (PNR) is the ratio of the number of PrEP users in 2021 to the number of people newly diagnosed with HIV in 2019. It is a measurement for whether PrEP use appropriately reflects the need for HIV prevention. A lower PNR indicates more unmet need.

PrEP Use by Race/Ethnicity

  • Black people represented 14% of PrEP users, but 42% of new HIV diagnoses.
  • Hispanic/Latinx people represented 17% of PrEP users and 27% of new HIV diagnoses
  • White people represented 65% of PrEP users and 26% of new HIV diagnoses.
  • Regionally, Black people made up 52% of new HIV diagnoses in the South, but only 21% of PrEP users in the South; in the Midwest, Black people made up 48% of new HIV diagnoses, but only 12% of PrEP users.
  • Of the 7 states with the greatest unmet need for PrEP among Black people, three were in the South (Arkansas, Mississippi, and Alabama) and three were in the Midwest (North Dakota, South Dakota, and Iowa). These states have a PrEP-to-Need Ratio (PNR) of less than 2 (i.e., fewer than 2 PrEP users for every new HIV diagnosis)*.
  • In the West, Hispanic/Latinx people represented 43% of new HIV diagnoses but only represented 22% of all PrEP users.

PrEP Services

Use AIDSVu’s PrEP Locator, a national directory of providers of PrEP in the U.S., to find PrEP services near you.

Find Locations

PrEP Maps

Explore AIDSVu’s PrEP maps to see state- and county-level PrEP utilization from 2012 to 2021 and other HIV data such as new diagnoses, prevalence, and mortality.

See the Data

Beyond the Map

AIDSVu offers tools and resources beyond the HIV map that provide users with a deeper understanding of the HIV epidemic, its socioeconomic driving factors, and services available at the community level.

PrEP Map

Understand PrEP where you live by exploring AIDSVu’s PrEP utilization map.

Learn More

Find Services

Use the testing, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP), and care services locators to find critical HIV/AIDS services near you.

Learn More

Local Data

View city and state profiles with local HIV/AIDS statistics, national comparison charts, and local resources.

Learn More

Share

Share our infographics to help raise awareness and drive conversations about PrEP use.

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Learn From Experts

Read our series of Q&A’s with leading experts to learn more about PrEP.

July 27, 2022

Leisha McKinley-Beach on the Past, Present, and Future of PrEP

Read More

November 30, 2020

AIDSVu Q&A: Leandro Mena on PrEP Intervention Strategies for Black MSM in the South

Read More

September 28, 2020

AIDSVu Q&A: Dr. Patrick Sullivan on PrEP and MSM

Read More

April 14, 2020

Vu Q&A: Dr. Aaron Siegler on County-Level Associations with PrEP Use in the United States

Read More

April 14, 2020

Vu Q&A: Dr. Patrick Sullivan on PrEP Coverage and Application in the Ending the Epidemic: A Plan for America (EHE) Jurisdictions

Read More

November 26, 2018

Vu Q&A: Dr. Yusuf Ransome on PrEP Use Through the Lens of Social and Behavioral Sciences

Read More

November 26, 2018

Vu Q&A: Dr. Bisola Ojikutu on the Barriers to PrEP Use Among African Americans

Read More

September 26, 2018

Vu Q&A: Dr. Dawn Smith on PrEP Uptake Barriers for Black Gay and Bisexual Men and Black Women

Read More

July 16, 2018

Vu Q&A: Sheldon Fields on PrEP and Black MSM

Read More

September 26, 2018

Vu Q&A: Dr. Carl Dieffenbach on U=U and the "Golden Age of Prevention"

Read More

March 9, 2018

Vu Q&A: Dr. Charlene Flash on Gender Disparities in PrEP Use

Read More

March 7, 2018

Vu Q&A: Aaron Siegler on PrEP Use Research and Expanding Access

Read More

March 6, 2018

Vu Q&A: Dr. Joanne Stekler on PrEP: Past, Present, and Future

Read More

For More Information

Learn more about PrEP with the following resources.

CDC PrEP Overview

Learn More

National HIV/AIDS Strategy

Learn More

Greater Than AIDS

Learn More

HIV.gov

Learn More

PrEPWatch

Learn More
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AIDSVu is presented by Emory University’s Rollins School of Public Health in partnership with Gilead Sciences, Inc. and the Center for AIDS Research at Emory University (CFAR).

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